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Câu 1: Which of the following is NOT a common method used to estimate the cost of common equity?
- - CAPM approach
- - Dividend Discount Model (DCF)
- - Bond yield plus risk premium approach
- - Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
Câu 2: Capital rationing occurs when a firm:
- - Has unlimited funds for investment
- - Has no profitable projects available
- - Has a limited amount of funds available for investment projects
- - Decides to pay all earnings as dividends
Câu 3: Which of the following is a common characteristic of preferred stock?
- - Full voting rights on all corporate matters
- - Fixed dividend payments
- - Variable dividends based on annual profits
- - No claim on assets in case of liquidation
Câu 4: In cash management, what does the term 'float' refer to?
- - The amount of cash held in petty cash accounts
- - The difference between the book balance and the bank balance
- - The interest earned on overnight deposits
- - The total amount of cash flows from operations
Câu 5: In a corporate context, an agency problem most likely arises from a conflict of interest between which two parties?
- - Shareholders and managers
- - Customers and suppliers
- - The government and creditors
- - Employees and local communities
Câu 6: In the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), what specifically does the Beta coefficient measure?
- - Total risk of the stock
- - Unsystematic risk
- - Systematic risk
- - Standard deviation of returns
Câu 7: If a company has high operating leverage, a small percentage change in sales will result in:
- - A small change in EBIT
- - A large change in EBIT
- - No change in Net Income
- - A large change in interest expenses
Câu 8: What is the primary objective of financial management in a corporation according to modern finance theory?
- - Maximize the total assets of the firm
- - Maximize shareholder wealth
- - Maximize annual net income
- - Minimize the firm's total liabilities
Câu 9: Which liquidity ratio excludes inventory because it is often the least liquid current asset?
- - Current ratio
- - Quick ratio (Acid-test ratio)
- - Debt ratio
- - Inventory turnover ratio
Câu 10: The basic DuPont Analysis decomposes the Return on Equity (ROE) into which three components?
- - Profit Margin, Asset Turnover, and Equity Multiplier
- - Profit Margin, Debt Ratio, and Current Ratio
- - Gross Margin, Net Margin, and Asset Turnover
- - Inventory Turnover, Receivables Turnover, and Payables Turnover
Câu 11: The primary goal of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model is to minimize the sum of:
- - Purchase costs and shipping costs
- - Ordering costs and carrying costs
- - Fixed costs and variable costs
- - Sales costs and production costs
Câu 12: The 'bird-in-the-hand' theory of dividends suggests that investors:
- - Prefer capital gains over dividends
- - Are indifferent between dividends and capital gains
- - Prefer high dividend payouts because they are less risky than future capital gains
- - Prefer companies with high growth and no dividends
Câu 13: Under the assumptions of Modigliani and Miller Proposition I (without taxes), the value of a firm is:
- - Independent of its capital structure
- - Higher if it uses more debt
- - Lower if it uses more debt
- - Dependent on its dividend payout ratio
Câu 14: Financial leverage is defined as the extent to which a firm uses:
- - Fixed-cost debt to increase potential returns to shareholders
- - Equity to finance its daily operations
- - Current assets to pay off long-term debt
- - Short-term loans to buy inventory
Câu 15: Which financial statement provides a snapshot of a firm's financial position at a specific point in time?
- - Income Statement
- - Statement of Cash Flows
- - Balance Sheet
- - Retained Earnings Statement
Câu 16: According to the Gordon Growth Model, what happens to the stock price if the required rate of return increases?
- - The price increases
- - The price decreases
- - The price remains unchanged
- - The price doubles
Câu 17: By holding a well-diversified portfolio, an investor can significantly reduce or eliminate which type of risk?
- - Systematic risk
- - Market risk
- - Unsystematic risk
- - Interest rate risk
Câu 18: When evaluating a new investment project, sunk costs should be:
- - Included in the initial investment outlay
- - Subtracted from the salvage value
- - Ignored
- - Amortized over the life of the project
Câu 19: If a financial market is 'Semi-strong form' efficient, it implies that stock prices reflect:
- - Only historical price information
- - All publicly available information
- - All information including private insider information
- - Only information related to dividend announcements
Câu 20: What is the future value of 1,000 USD invested for 2 years at an annual interest rate of 10% compounded annually?
- - 1,100 USD
- - 1,200 USD
- - 1,210 USD
- - 1,110 USD
Câu 21: How is Net Working Capital (NWC) calculated in corporate financial analysis?
- - Total Assets minus Total Liabilities
- - Current Assets minus Current Liabilities
- - Fixed Assets minus Long-term Debt
- - Cash minus Accounts Payable
Câu 22: For independent projects with normal cash flows, which statement regarding NPV and IRR is true?
- - NPV and IRR always give the same accept/reject decision
- - NPV is always higher than IRR
- - IRR should be used over NPV for all decisions
- - NPV and IRR will always conflict
Câu 23: Which of the following represents the average rate a company pays to finance its assets, considering both debt and equity?
- - Internal Rate of Return
- - Capital Asset Pricing Model
- - Weighted Average Cost of Capital
- - Dividend Yield
Câu 24: According to the Net Present Value (NPV) rule, a project should be accepted if its NPV is:
- - Negative
- - Greater than zero
- - Equal to the cost of capital
- - Less than the initial investment
Câu 25: When a bond's coupon rate is higher than the market's required yield to maturity (YTM), the bond will sell at:
- - A discount
- - Par value
- - A premium
- - Face value