1. What is the function of a `chorus` in classical Greek tragedy and in some later plays?
A. To perform musical interludes only.
B. To represent the main characters` inner thoughts.
C. To provide commentary on the action, represent public opinion, and sometimes participate in the drama.
D. To solely advance the plot through dialogue.
2. Which American literary movement emerged in the early 20th century and is characterized by a break from traditional forms and themes, often reflecting a sense of disillusionment and fragmentation?
A. Realism
B. Naturalism
C. Modernism
D. Postmodernism
3. What literary device is used when an object or idea represents something else?
A. Metaphor
B. Simile
C. Symbolism
D. Personification
4. Which novel by Charles Dickens critiques social injustices in Victorian England, particularly focusing on the workhouse system?
A. A Tale of Two Cities
B. Great Expectations
C. Oliver Twist
D. David Copperfield
5. Which period in English literary history is characterized by a renewed interest in classical learning and values, often associated with the works of William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe?
A. Romantic Period
B. Victorian Period
C. Renaissance Period
D. Modernist Period
6. What is the main difference between a simile and a metaphor?
A. Similes use irony, metaphors use hyperbole.
B. Similes directly compare two unlike things, metaphors use `like` or `as`.
C. Similes use `like` or `as` to compare, metaphors directly equate two unlike things.
D. Metaphors are shorter than similes.
7. In literary analysis, what does `point of view` refer to?
A. The main theme of the story.
B. The time period in which the story is set.
C. The perspective from which the story is narrated.
D. The moral lesson of the story.
8. What is the `Lost Generation` in American literature?
A. A group of writers who died young in World War I.
B. American writers who came of age during World War I and expressed disillusionment and alienation in the post-war era.
C. Writers who focused on historical fiction about lost civilizations.
D. A group of writers who were never published in their lifetime.
9. Which American novel, written by Harper Lee, deals with themes of racial injustice and childhood innocence in the American South?
A. The Catcher in the Rye
B. To Kill a Mockingbird
C. Beloved
D. The Color Purple
10. Which of the following novels is NOT written by Jane Austen?
A. Pride and Prejudice
B. Sense and Sensibility
C. Wuthering Heights
D. Emma
11. In Shakespearean tragedies, what is a common characteristic of the `tragic hero`?
A. Perfect virtue
B. A fatal flaw that leads to their downfall
C. Supernatural powers
D. Always being victorious
12. What is the literary term for a narrative technique where the reader or audience knows something that a character in the story does not?
A. Dramatic irony
B. Situational irony
C. Verbal irony
D. Cosmic irony
13. Which American playwright is famous for works like `A Streetcar Named Desire` and `The Glass Menagerie`, exploring themes of illusion, reality, and societal pressures in the South?
A. Arthur Miller
B. Eugene O`Neill
C. Tennessee Williams
D. Edward Albee
14. Which English Romantic poet is known for his odes, such as `Ode to a Nightingale` and `Ode on a Grecian Urn`, exploring themes of beauty, nature, and mortality?
A. William Wordsworth
B. Samuel Taylor Coleridge
C. John Keats
D. Percy Bysshe Shelley
15. Which literary genre is characterized by exaggerated characters, improbable plot twists, and often aims to evoke laughter?
A. Tragedy
B. Satire
C. Farce
D. Melodrama
16. What is the `Harlem Renaissance`?
A. A period of artistic and intellectual bloom for African American culture in the 1920s and 1930s.
B. An English literary movement focused on rural life.
C. A period of political reform in Victorian England.
D. A style of writing characterized by excessive ornamentation.
17. What is `satire` in literature?
A. A serious and solemn literary work.
B. A genre that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people`s vices or follies.
C. A type of writing that focuses on factual reporting.
D. A literary form that celebrates heroic deeds.
18. Which of the following themes is NOT typically associated with Victorian literature?
A. Social reform and critique
B. Industrialization and its impact
C. Exploration of the subconscious mind
D. Moral earnestness and duty
19. What is the term for a poem that expresses personal emotions and thoughts, usually in first person?
A. Narrative poem
B. Epic poem
C. Lyric poem
D. Dramatic poem
20. What is `Gothic literature` characterized by?
A. Realistic portrayals of everyday life.
B. Rational and optimistic narratives.
C. Elements of horror, mystery, the supernatural, and often decaying settings like castles or ruins.
D. Focus on social satire and witty dialogue.
21. Which of Shakespeare`s plays is often considered his greatest tragedy and explores themes of revenge, madness, and mortality?
A. Romeo and Juliet
B. Macbeth
C. Hamlet
D. King Lear
22. What is the name of the literary movement in American literature that emphasized individualism, intuition, and the inherent goodness of people and nature, with key figures like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau?
A. Realism
B. Naturalism
C. Transcendentalism
D. Modernism
23. Which literary movement is often seen as a reaction against Romanticism and emphasizes objective reality, detailed descriptions, and often focuses on the lives of ordinary people?
A. Symbolism
B. Realism
C. Naturalism
D. Modernism
24. Who is the author of the famous American novel `The Great Gatsby`, a story set in the Jazz Age?
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. F. Scott Fitzgerald
C. William Faulkner
D. John Steinbeck
25. Which American author won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 and is known for his simple, direct prose style and themes of courage and endurance, particularly in works like `The Old Man and the Sea`?
A. William Faulkner
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. John Steinbeck
D. Saul Bellow
26. What is `stream of consciousness` as a narrative technique?
A. A linear, chronological storytelling method.
B. A technique that presents the flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations in a character`s mind.
C. A method of writing only dialogue, omitting description.
D. A style focused on objective reporting of events.
27. Which American playwright is known for `Death of a Salesman`, a play that critiques the American Dream and explores the psychological toll of societal expectations?
A. Tennessee Williams
B. Eugene O`Neill
C. Arthur Miller
D. Edward Albee
28. Which American poet is known for their distinctive use of slant rhyme and unconventional capitalization and punctuation, often exploring themes of death and immortality?
A. Walt Whitman
B. Emily Dickinson
C. Langston Hughes
D. Robert Frost
29. Which British author is known for his dystopian novel `Nineteen Eighty-Four`, exploring themes of totalitarianism and surveillance?
A. Aldous Huxley
B. George Orwell
C. H.G. Wells
D. J.R.R. Tolkien
30. What is the name of the long poem by T.S. Eliot that is considered a landmark of Modernist literature, known for its fragmented structure and allusions?
A. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
B. The Waste Land
C. Four Quartets
D. Tradition and the Individual Talent
