Đề thi, bài tập trắc nghiệm online Kỹ năng giao tiếp – Đề 3

Assertive communication is direct, honest, and respectful, allowing for clear expression of needs and boundaries without violating others'. Aggressive styles are hostile, passive styles are indirect and avoidant, and passive-aggressive styles are indirect and negative, all hindering conflict resolution and healthy relationships.

Clarity is achieved through logical structure and simplicity. Jargon can confuse, speaking quickly can hinder comprehension, and overly formal language can create distance. A well-structured, simple message is easiest to understand.

Ethnocentrism (believing one's culture is superior) and stereotypes (oversimplified generalizations) are significant barriers. They lead to misinterpretations and prejudice. Technology and information access can aid communication; shared cultural understanding is ideal but often lacking.

Feedback confirms message reception and understanding. It's crucial for closing the communication loop and correcting misunderstandings. It's not about superiority, dominance, or criticism, but about ensuring accurate communication.

Clear communication protocols, like preferred channels and response times, streamline workflows and reduce ambiguity. They enhance efficiency and minimize miscommunication. They are not intended to stifle creativity or enforce agreement, nor are they meant to complicate communication.

Constructive negative feedback is specific, behavior-focused, and solution-oriented. Public delivery is inappropriate, focusing on flaws is demotivating, and vagueness is unhelpful. Specificity and improvement suggestions make feedback actionable and less personal.

Empathy is about understanding and relating to another person's emotions. It's not simply feeling sorry (sympathy), agreeing, or suppressing your own feelings. Empathy involves cognitive and emotional understanding of another's perspective.

Active voice is when the subject performs the verb's action (e.g., 'The dog chased the ball'). It's preferred for its clarity and directness, making writing more concise and easier to understand. Passive voice (subject receives the action) can be less direct and sometimes less clear.

Sympathy is feeling pity or sorrow for someone's misfortune. Empathy is understanding and sharing their feelings, putting yourself in their shoes. They are distinct concepts; empathy involves deeper understanding and shared feeling, while sympathy is more about pity.

Assertive communication balances self-respect and respect for others. It involves clear, honest self-expression without aggression or passivity. Options 1, 3, and 4 represent passive, aggressive, and passive communication styles respectively.

'Noise' in communication is broader than just physical sounds. It includes any barrier – physical, psychological, semantic, or cultural – that hinders the accurate transmission and reception of a message. It's about distortion and interference, not just audible disruptions.

Non-verbal communication encompasses cues beyond spoken or written words. Facial expressions, tone of voice, and body language are all non-verbal. Written language, however, is a form of verbal communication, albeit in written form.

BATNA stands for Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement. It's your best option if negotiations fail, providing leverage and a point of comparison. Knowing your BATNA is essential for strong negotiation as it defines your walk-away point and strengthens your position.

Active listening focuses on understanding the speaker's message. Paraphrasing, summarizing, and clarifying questions demonstrate engagement and comprehension. Interrupting, especially to offer unsolicited solutions, disrupts the speaker and is not part of active listening.

Digital communication often lacks non-verbal cues like tone of voice and body language, increasing the risk of misinterpretation. While efficient, it can be impersonal and doesn't eliminate all barriers. It can sometimes *create* barriers by lacking context.

The halo effect is a cognitive bias where a positive impression in one area influences overall perception. For example, being good-looking might lead to assumptions of intelligence. It affects communication as initial impressions can color subsequent interactions and judgments.

Email is not secure enough for highly sensitive information. Routine updates, meeting scheduling, and decision confirmations are appropriate uses. Sensitive data risks exposure via email due to potential breaches and lack of guaranteed privacy.

Clarifying questions are crucial for ensuring accurate understanding and addressing any ambiguity in the message. They promote mutual comprehension and prevent misunderstandings. They are not about showing off, interrupting, or confusing, but about clarity.

Tone in writing, conveyed through word choice and sentence structure, establishes the emotional context. It significantly affects how the message is interpreted. Tone is crucial in all forms of communication, including written and professional emails. Negative tone is rarely effective.

Self-awareness is crucial for effective communication. Understanding your own communication style, strengths, weaknesses, and how you are perceived allows for adjustments to improve interactions. It's not about irrelevance, over-criticism, or control, but about understanding and adapting oneself.

Constructive feedback is specific, actionable, solution-oriented, and timely. It is NOT judgmental or personal, which would make it destructive. It focuses on behavior and improvement, not personal attacks.

The 'grapevine' refers to informal communication networks within an organization, often rumors and unofficial information. It's distinct from formal channels, official newsletters, or public announcements, which are structured and official.

Body language often speaks louder than words. Incongruence between verbal and non-verbal cues creates confusion and distrust. Body language is always being observed and interpreted, not just in formal settings. It significantly impacts communication effectiveness.

In rhetoric, ethos refers to the speaker's credibility or ethical appeal. It's about establishing trust and authority. Pathos is emotional appeal, logos is logical reasoning. Forceful delivery is not directly related to ethos.

Open-ended questions, starting with 'how,' 'why,' 'what,' etc., prompt detailed answers and encourage the speaker to elaborate. They are designed to expand conversation and understanding, unlike closed-ended questions seeking brief answers.

While all options are relevant, active listening stands out as most crucial. It ensures understanding and feedback, forming the basis of effective communication. Fluency, vocabulary, and assertiveness are helpful but secondary to truly hearing and understanding the message.

Paraphrasing involves restating the speaker's message in your own words to confirm understanding. It's not verbatim repetition, advice-giving, or subject changing. It's about demonstrating comprehension and inviting correction if needed.

Cultural sensitivity is about recognizing and respecting cultural variations in communication styles, values, and norms. It's not about ignoring differences or assuming cultural uniformity, but about adapting communication to be respectful and effective across cultures.

Eye contact is crucial for engaging the audience and building rapport. Reading notes too much reduces engagement. Monotone voice is unengaging, and rushing makes it harder to understand. Effective delivery is about connection and clarity, enhanced by eye contact.

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon where the desire for group harmony or conformity overrides realistic appraisal of alternatives, leading to poor decisions. It suppresses critical thinking and genuine debate, hindering effective group communication.