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Trắc nghiệm Tài chính Tiền tệ tiếng Anh

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Câu 1: If the money supply is 500 dollars, the velocity of money is 4, and real GDP is 1,000 units, what is the price level according to the Equation of Exchange (MV = PY)?

  • - 0.5
  • - 5
  • - 20
  • - 2

Câu 2: If the market interest rate rises above the coupon rate of an existing bond, what happens to the market price of that bond?

  • - It rises above the face value
  • - It falls below the face value
  • - It remains equal to the face value
  • - It becomes equal to the coupon rate

Câu 3: If the nominal interest rate is 7% and the expected inflation rate is 3%, what is the ex-ante real interest rate according to the Fisher equation?

  • - 10%
  • - 4%
  • - 2.33%
  • - 21%

Câu 4: Under the Basel III framework, what is the primary purpose of the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)?

  • - To limit the total number of branches a bank can open
  • - To ensure banks can absorb losses and remain solvent
  • - To set a maximum limit on interest rates for loans
  • - To mandate a 100% reserve requirement on all deposits

Câu 5: Financial intermediaries provide a process called 'asset transformation' which primarily involves what activity?

  • - Buying and selling stocks for customers
  • - Printing currency for the government
  • - Turning liquid liabilities into illiquid assets
  • - Standardizing the value of commodity money

Câu 6: Quantitative Easing (QE) differs from traditional open market operations primarily because QE involves what?

  • - Selling short-term government bills to reduce liquidity
  • - Purchasing long-term securities to lower long-term interest rates
  • - Raising the required reserve ratio for commercial banks
  • - Directly lending to consumers at zero interest rates

Câu 7: If a basket of goods costs 100 dollars in the US and 80 pounds in the UK, what should the exchange rate be according to the theory of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)?

  • - 0.8 dollars per pound
  • - 1.25 dollars per pound
  • - 1.00 dollar per pound
  • - 1.50 dollars per pound

Câu 8: Why is central bank independence generally considered beneficial for long-term economic stability?

  • - It allows the government to fund deficits more easily
  • - It ensures that the central bank follows the President's orders
  • - It reduces the likelihood of a political business cycle and high inflation
  • - It guarantees that interest rates will always remain low

Câu 9: According to the Expectations Theory of the term structure, a flat yield curve indicates that market participants expect future short-term interest rates to do what?

  • - Rise significantly
  • - Fall sharply
  • - Remain unchanged
  • - Become volatile

Câu 10: If the total value of nominal GDP in an economy is 2,000 billion dollars and the money supply is 500 billion dollars, what is the velocity of money?

  • - 0.25
  • - 10
  • - 2,500
  • - 4

Câu 11: Which function of money is being performed when you compare the prices of two different models of smartphones in a retail store?

  • - Medium of exchange
  • - Unit of account
  • - Store of value
  • - Standard of deferred payment

Câu 12: According to Keynes's Liquidity Preference Theory, an increase in the price level will have what effect on the demand for money and interest rates?

  • - Decrease money demand and lower interest rates
  • - Increase money demand and raise interest rates
  • - Decrease money demand and raise interest rates
  • - Increase money demand and lower interest rates

Câu 13: In financial markets, which phenomenon occurs BEFORE a transaction when potential borrowers who are the most likely to produce undesirable outcomes are the ones who most actively seek out loans?

  • - Moral hazard
  • - Free-rider problem
  • - Adverse selection
  • - Liquidity risk

Câu 14: Which of the following is a key requirement for a central bank to successfully implement an inflation targeting regime?

  • - Institutional independence and transparency
  • - Maintaining a fixed exchange rate at all times
  • - Keeping interest rates constant regardless of inflation
  • - Ensuring the government budget is always in surplus

Câu 15: What does an inverted yield curve, where long-term interest rates are lower than short-term interest rates, typically signal to economists?

  • - An upcoming period of high inflation
  • - A period of rapid economic expansion
  • - An upcoming economic recession
  • - Stability in future short-term rates

Câu 16: What is the specific interest rate that the central bank charges on the loans it makes directly to commercial banks?

  • - Federal funds rate
  • - Prime rate
  • - Discount rate
  • - LIBOR

Câu 17: The difference between the interest rate on a corporate bond and the interest rate on a default-free Treasury bond of the same maturity is called what?

  • - Liquidity premium
  • - Risk premium
  • - Inflation premium
  • - Term premium

Câu 18: According to the Federal Reserve's definitions of monetary aggregates, which of the following is included in M2 but NOT in M1?

  • - Currency in circulation
  • - Checkable deposits
  • - Small-denomination time deposits
  • - Demand deposits

Câu 19: If a bank faces a sudden deposit outflow that exceeds its excess reserves, which of the following is the most immediate way for the bank to acquire liquidity?

  • - Calling in all long-term mortgage loans
  • - Borrowing from other banks in the interbank market
  • - Selling its physical buildings and equipment
  • - Declaring immediate bankruptcy

Câu 20: On a commercial bank's balance sheet, which of the following is categorized as a liability?

  • - Consumer loans
  • - Reserves at the central bank
  • - Checkable deposits
  • - Government securities

Câu 21: Which tool of monetary policy involves the buying and selling of government securities by the central bank to influence the level of reserves in the banking system?

  • - Open market operations
  • - Discount window lending
  • - Reserve requirement adjustments
  • - Interest on excess reserves

Câu 22: Which problem arises AFTER a transaction occurs when a borrower engages in risky activities that make it less likely the loan will be paid back?

  • - Moral hazard
  • - Adverse selection
  • - Sunk cost fallacy
  • - Information rent

Câu 23: According to the 'Strong' form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis, stock prices reflect what level of information?

  • - Only past historical prices and volumes
  • - Only public information available to all investors
  • - All information, including public and private (insider) information
  • - None of the information currently available

Câu 24: Which economic principle states that 'bad money drives out good' when two forms of commodity money are in circulation with the same face value but different intrinsic values?

  • - Say's Law
  • - Gresham's Law
  • - Okun's Law
  • - Fisher's Principle

Câu 25: If the required reserve ratio is 10% and the central bank injects 1,000 dollars of new reserves into the banking system, what is the maximum possible increase in the total money supply, assuming no currency drain?

  • - 1,000 dollars
  • - 100,000 dollars
  • - 10,000 dollars
  • - 9,000 dollars

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