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Câu 1: Which of the following best describes a key characteristic of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

  • - It establishes a three-way handshake before transmitting data
  • - It is a connectionless protocol that does not guarantee delivery
  • - It is primarily used for secure web browsing
  • - It provides reliable data transfer through acknowledgments

Câu 2: What is the primary benefit of implementing Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) on a switch?

  • - They logically segment broadcast domains to improve network performance and security
  • - They translate private IP addresses to public IP addresses
  • - They encrypt traffic between the switch and the router
  • - They physically connect multiple switches together to increase bandwidth

Câu 3: Which type of transmission medium uses light pulses to transmit data over long distances with high bandwidth and immunity to electromagnetic interference?

  • - Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable
  • - Microwave radio
  • - Fiber optic cable
  • - Coaxial cable

Câu 4: In CIDR notation, what does the '/24' indicate in the IP address '192.168.10.5/24'?

  • - The network supports a maximum of 24 host devices
  • - The first 24 bits of the address represent the network portion
  • - The packet has a Time to Live (TTL) of 24 hops
  • - The address is valid for 24 hours before needing renewal

Câu 5: How many bits does an IPv6 address consist of?

  • - 64 bits
  • - 32 bits
  • - 128 bits
  • - 256 bits

Câu 6: In a network with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, what is the broadcast address for the network 192.168.1.0?

  • - 192.168.1.0
  • - 192.168.1.255
  • - 192.168.255.255
  • - 192.168.1.1

Câu 7: What is the primary purpose of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?

  • - To automatically assign IP addresses and network parameters to client devices
  • - To encrypt data transmitted over a public network
  • - To route packets between different autonomous systems
  • - To translate domain names into IP addresses

Câu 8: Which suite of protocols is widely used to authenticate and encrypt packets of data to provide secure communication over Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)?

  • - GRE
  • - IPsec
  • - PPTP
  • - SSL/TLS

Câu 9: Which OSI layer is responsible for end-to-end communication, reliability, and flow control?

  • - Session layer
  • - Data Link layer
  • - Network layer
  • - Transport layer

Câu 10: Which technology allows multiple devices on a private local network to share a single public IP address for internet access?

  • - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
  • - Network Address Translation (NAT)
  • - Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
  • - Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

Câu 11: Which IEEE standard defines the specifications for wireless local area networks (WLANs), commonly known as Wi-Fi?

  • - 802.1Q
  • - 802.1X
  • - 802.3
  • - 802.11

Câu 12: At which layer of the OSI model does a network router primarily operate?

  • - Physical layer
  • - Network layer
  • - Transport layer
  • - Data Link layer

Câu 13: What is the function of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) in a local area network?

  • - It resolves domain names to IP addresses
  • - It maps a known MAC address to an unknown IP address
  • - It maps a known IPv4 address to an unknown MAC address
  • - It dynamically assigns IP addresses to hosts

Câu 14: What mechanism did early Ethernet networks use to handle data collisions on a shared medium?

  • - CSMA/CD
  • - Token Passing
  • - CSMA/CA
  • - Multiplexing

Câu 15: What critical network loop issue does the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevent in a Layer 2 switched environment?

  • - IP address conflicts
  • - Routing loops
  • - MAC spoofing
  • - Broadcast storms

Câu 16: In the TCP three-way handshake process, what is the second step sent by the server to the client?

  • - SYN
  • - ACK
  • - SYN-ACK
  • - FIN

Câu 17: If a Windows computer is configured for DHCP but cannot reach the DHCP server, which type of IP address will it automatically assign itself (usually starting with 169.254.x.x)?

  • - APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)
  • - Multicast address
  • - Static IP address
  • - Loopback address

Câu 18: Which protocol is used to resolve human-readable domain names into IP addresses?

  • - ARP
  • - DNS
  • - SMTP
  • - DHCP

Câu 19: Which port number is conventionally used for secure web traffic (HTTPS)?

  • - 22
  • - 80
  • - 21
  • - 443

Câu 20: Which of the following is an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) used to route traffic between different Autonomous Systems on the internet?

  • - RIP
  • - EIGRP
  • - BGP
  • - OSPF

Câu 21: Which underlying protocol does the 'ping' command use to test reachability between two network devices?

  • - UDP
  • - TCP
  • - ICMP
  • - ARP

Câu 22: Which of the following statements about a MAC address is true?

  • - It is a logical address that changes based on the network you connect to
  • - It is composed of 32 bits separated by periods
  • - It is used to route packets across the internet
  • - It is a 48-bit hardware address burned into the network interface card

Câu 23: Unlike a hub, how does a standard Layer 2 switch handle an incoming unicast frame with a known destination MAC address?

  • - It broadcasts the frame out of all ports except the receiving port
  • - It routes the frame to the default gateway
  • - It forwards the frame only out of the specific port where the destination MAC address resides
  • - It drops the frame unless it has an IP address attached

Câu 24: What is the role of a default gateway in a local computer network?

  • - It resolves domain names into IP addresses for local hosts
  • - It assigns IP addresses to newly connected devices
  • - It prevents external cyber attacks from entering the local network
  • - It serves as an access point to route traffic to networks outside the local subnet

Câu 25: What is the fundamental difference between HTTP and HTTPS protocols?

  • - HTTPS encrypts the data payload using TLS/SSL, whereas HTTP transmits data in plain text
  • - HTTP is used for web pages, whereas HTTPS is used for email
  • - HTTP is faster because it uses UDP, whereas HTTPS uses TCP
  • - HTTPS operates at the Network layer, whereas HTTP operates at the Application layer

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