1. Which word below demonstrates the weak form (schwa /ə/) in its pronunciation?
A. About
B. Above
C. Around
D. All of the above
2. What is `assimilation` in connected speech?
A. Joining words together without any sound change.
B. Making sounds clearer and more distinct.
C. A sound becoming more like a neighboring sound.
D. Adding extra syllables to words.
3. In connected speech, what is `elision`?
A. Adding extra sounds to words.
B. Linking words together smoothly.
C. Omission of sounds (usually consonants) in words.
D. Changing vowel sounds in unstressed syllables.
4. Which of the following consonant sounds is voiceless?
A. /b/
B. /d/
C. /g/
D. /p/
5. What is the difference between `phonetics` and `phonology`?
A. Phonetics studies the meaning of sounds, while phonology studies the production of sounds.
B. Phonetics studies the production and perception of speech sounds, while phonology studies the sound system and patterns of language.
C. Phonetics is concerned with written language, while phonology is concerned with spoken language.
D. Phonetics and phonology are the same thing.
6. What is the difference between aspiration and unaspiration of plosives?
A. Aspirated plosives are always voiced, unaspirated are always voiceless.
B. Aspiration refers to the puff of air that follows the release of certain voiceless plosives in stressed syllables.
C. Unaspirated plosives are longer in duration than aspirated plosives.
D. Aspiration is only relevant in vowels, not consonants.
7. What is a minimal pair?
A. Two words that have completely different pronunciations.
B. Two words that are pronounced exactly the same.
C. Two words that differ by only one phoneme and have different meanings.
D. Two words that have similar meanings but different spellings.
8. In the word `photograph`, which syllable is stressed?
A. First syllable (pho-)
B. Second syllable (-to-)
C. Third syllable (-graph)
D. All syllables are equally stressed
9. What is `yod-coalescence`?
A. Adding a `y` sound before a vowel.
B. Deletion of the `y` sound after consonants.
C. The merging of /dj/, /tj/, /sj/, /zj/ into /dʒ/, /tʃ/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/ respectively.
D. Changing vowels to diphthongs before certain consonants.
10. What is the phonetic transcription for the word `though`?
A. /θoʊ/
B. /ðʌf/
C. /ðoʊ/
D. /θruː/
11. Identify the word where the `th` sound is pronounced as /ð/ (voiced).
A. Think
B. Through
C. This
D. Theatre
12. Identify the word where `ea` is pronounced as /e/ (short `e` sound as in `bed`).
A. Eat
B. Sea
C. Bread
D. Each
13. What is the function of intonation in spoken English?
A. To separate words from each other.
B. To indicate grammatical correctness.
C. To convey attitude, emotion, and grammatical structure.
D. To make speech louder or softer.
14. Which of the following words has the vowel sound /ʊ/ as in `foot`?
A. Food
B. Full
C. Fool
D. Few
15. What is the difference between rising and falling intonation?
A. Rising intonation is used for statements, falling intonation for questions.
B. Rising intonation indicates certainty, falling intonation indicates uncertainty.
C. Rising intonation often indicates questions or uncertainty, falling intonation often indicates statements or completion.
D. There is no difference in meaning between rising and falling intonation.
16. Which of these words rhymes with `hair`?
A. Here
B. Hear
C. Hare
D. Higher
17. Which word has the /aɪ/ diphthong as in `price`?
A. Pain
B. Play
C. Pie
D. Pour
18. Which of the following is an example of a plosive consonant?
A. /f/
B. /s/
C. /t/
D. /m/
19. Which phonetic symbol represents the vowel sound in the word `bird`?
A. /ɜː/
B. /ɪ/
C. /æ/
D. /ɒ/
20. In the word `comfortable`, which syllable is usually omitted in fast speech?
A. com-
B. -fort-
C. -able
D. All syllables are always pronounced.
21. What is the difference between a long vowel and a short vowel?
A. Long vowels are always stressed, short vowels are always unstressed.
B. Long vowels are held for a longer duration than short vowels when spoken.
C. Long vowels are pronounced with the mouth more open, short vowels with the mouth more closed.
D. There is no significant difference between long and short vowels.
22. What is the typical intonation pattern for a list in English?
A. Falling intonation on all items in the list.
B. Rising intonation on all items in the list.
C. Rising intonation on each item except the last, which has falling intonation.
D. Falling intonation on each item except the last, which has rising intonation.
23. Which phonetic symbol represents the `ng` sound in `sing`?
A. /n/
B. /m/
C. /ŋ/
D. /ɡ/
24. Which of the following is a fricative consonant sound?
A. /tʃ/
B. /dʒ/
C. /v/
D. /k/
25. Identify the word that contains a triphthong.
A. Fly
B. Near
C. Power
D. Hour
26. What is `linking` or `liaison` in connected speech?
A. Speaking very slowly and clearly.
B. Inserting pauses between words.
C. Joining the final sound of one word to the initial sound of the next word.
D. Repeating words for emphasis.
27. Which of these words has a silent letter?
A. Strong
B. Write
C. Brave
D. Clock
28. Which of the following words contains a diphthong?
A. Ship
B. Tree
C. Cow
D. Book
29. In which of these words is the `g` pronounced as /dʒ/?
A. Give
B. Girl
C. Giant
D. Green
30. What is the primary function of sentence stress?
A. To make all words in a sentence equally important.
B. To emphasize the least important words in a sentence.
C. To emphasize the most important words or information in a sentence.
D. To slow down the rate of speech.
